Abstract:
This research focuses towards analysing the problems associated with wastewater and treatment process as well as its application in our daily living. The research implore both the generalized and bibliometric literature review method. The findings of the literature review reveals that wastewater has both health and environmental hazards such as water polution, health risks, eutrophication, environmental damage, climate change and infrastructure challenges. Meanwhile, the bibliometric literature review showed that optimization, removal and wastewater are the most frequently used terms based on the bibliometrics data extracted from web of sciennce between the period of 2012 and 2023, Zhang and Wang who had h-index citation of 15 and 14 respectively are the most global authors while China-USA had highest global international collaboration frequency. The researchers reconmmended that more wastewater treatment facilities should be deployed in Nigerian industries by the stakeholders.
Description:
Wastewater presents various environmental and public health problems. Some of the key issues associated with wastewater are water pollution, health risks, eutrophication, environmental damage, climate change, resource depletion, and infrastructure challenges.
Water Pollution: Wastewater contains a wide range of pollutants, including organic matter, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), heavy metals, pathogens, and emerging contaminants (e.g., pharmaceuticals and personal care products). When released into water bodies without proper treatment, it can lead to water pollution, affecting aquatic life and ecosystem health UNEP (2016).
Health Risks: Untreated or poorly treated wastewater can contain disease-causing pathogens. The discharge of such wastewater can contaminate drinking water sources and lead to the spread of waterborne diseases (WHO 2006).
