Abstract:
Fossil fuel dependency in power generation, though essential for meeting energy needs, leads to harmful greenhouse gas emissions. This paper explores how integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) with incentive based demand response (IBDR) strategies in microgrids can help reduce emissions, offering a sustainable solution for cleaner energy systems. The first objective is to minimize emissions and grid operating costs by integrating DERs and applying IBDR strategies to reduce loads during peak periods, thereby enhancing grid efficiency. The second objective is to maximize grid utilities' profits while minimizing emission costs. The formulated model facilitates optimal load management, reducing operational costs and emissions-related expenses within the microgrid. The optimization of the proposed microgrid is framed as a quadratic programming problem over a 24-hour scheduling period, which was successfully solved. Simulation results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the model, demonstrating its operational applicability in achieving emission reduction while maintaining system reliability and cost-effectiveness.
Description:
Globally, DERs are among the most effective technologies for achieving zero emissions. Microgrids refer to the integration of DERs, such as wind and photovoltaics, along with other renewable energy sources like biomass, geothermal, and hydropower, into the existing grid, as shown in Figure 1. A microgrid is a scheme that combines traditional and clean energy sources on a small volume, combining the essential components of the power system to provide dependable operation from generation to load demand. Microgrids are becoming more and more popular as a response to the problems caused by the unpredictable behavior of renewable energy sources and the varied demands of new electricity consumers, as cross sector decarbonization and electrification develop strength. One key advantage of microgrids is their flexibility, as they can operate either connected to the larger electricity grid or independently, ensuring a more resilient and adaptable energy distribution network.
