An Agent-Based Model of Deformed Wing Virus A and B Co-Infection

Abstract

The Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) is a major threat to honeybee populations, causing colony collapse disorder and threatening global agriculture and biodiversity. DWV-A and DWV-B, co-infect honeybees, leading to severe outcomes. An agent-based model simulates the interactions between bees, mites, and viruses, incorporating factors like viral transmission rate, pathogenicity, and immune response. The model predicts that the presence of both DWV strains leads to synergistic interactions, resulting in heightened virulence and accelerated colony decline. Furthermore, the findings suggest that targeted interventions, such as mite control and selective breeding for disease-resistant bees, can mitigate the adverse effects of co-infection. This study provides a novel computational framework to explore the multifaceted interactions between DWV strains and their hosts, offering valuable insights into the mechanisms driving colony health and disease resilience. The agent-based approach facilitates the examination of various hypothetical scenarios and intervention strategies, contributing to effective management practices to safeguard honeybee populations. By enhancing our understanding of DWV co-infection dynamics, this research aims to inform policymakers and guide practical efforts to combat the ongoing challenges facing honeybee health, ultimately supporting the sustainability of pollinator-dependent ecosystems and agricultural productivity.