Voter authentication Framework using Blockchain, Lightweight ring-neighbor-based user authentication and group-key agreement

Abstract

Global mistrust in election systems, caused by issues like vote rigging and hacking of electronic voting machines (EVMs), threatens democracy. This paper presents a blockchain-based e-voting framework designed to enhance voter authentication and secure voting transactions while addressing the computational challenges of traditional blockchain systems. The proposed system employs group-based voter authentication using a modified ring neighbour algorithm, allowing for decentralized voting, tamper-proof records, and the integrity of vote counts. Key cryptographic elements such as SHA-256 hashing, Merkle trees, and random integer pairwise verification are integrated to secure the election process. A centralized Trusted Authority (TA) handles voter registration and block creation, preventing double voting and impersonation. The blockchain's immutability guarantees that any tampering attempts are computationally infeasible, ensuring secure and transparent election outcomes. This framework addresses the vulnerabilities of current electoral systems, combining cryptographic security, decentralized validation, and efficient voter authentication to ensure a reliable and secure e-voting process.